Elbow dislocation

Description An elbow dislocatio...

Description

An elbow dislocation occurs when the bones of the forearm move out of their normal alignment with the upper arm bone (humerus). When the bones move from their normal position, they can no longer move freely and there is potential for decreased blood flow and permanent damage. An elbow dislocation is the most common dislocation in childhood and the second most common dislocation in adulthood. Trauma related to sports activities accounts for the majority of elbow dislocations. Immediate medical treatment should be sought to avoid potentially permanent damage to nerves and blood vessels.

Symptoms

Symptoms may include pain, elbow deformity, inability to move the elbow, elbow swelling, numbness, and tenderness.

Tests

Common tests used for diagnosis and treatment

Workup:
A history and physical will be performed. The diagnosis is usually confirmed with an x-ray. Additional imaging with a CT scan or MRI may be necessary pending the extent of the injury or for repeat dislocations.

Tests:
CT Scan, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), X-ray

Specialists:
Orthopedic Surgery, Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Trauma Surgery

Treatment

Treatment involves moving the forearm back to its normal position. This procedure is called reduction. This can usually be accomplished in the office or emergency department, but occasionally requires reduction in the operating room. Medications may be given to control pain and provide sedation. The practitioner will then attempt to reduce the dislocation by applying pressure and manipulating the elbow. A period of immobilization followed by range of motion exercises is recommended to prevent repeat dislocations.