Hemorrhagic stroke (CVA, cerebrovascular accident)

Description A hemorrhagic strok...

Description

A hemorrhagic stroke is bleeding within the brain that disrupts the normal function of the brain. The bleeding can occur within the brain or between the brain and the skull (subarachnoid). Hemorrhagic strokes account for twenty percent of all strokes. They can occur when a weak blood vessel (aneurysm) bursts or after a stroke caused by a clot. High blood pressure, advanced age, heavy alcohol use, and/or methamphetamine use increase the risk of these strokes. The symptoms experienced depend on the area of the brain that is affected. Survival and the best outcome depend on seeking medical care immediately.

Symptoms

Symptoms may include severe headache, confusion, loss of consciousness, seizures or weakness of the face, arm, or leg. They may also include sudden numbness, difficulty walking, difficulty speaking, clumsiness or visual disturbances.

Tests

Common tests used for diagnosis and treatment

Workup:
A complete history and physical exam will be performed. Initial testing is done with a CT scan or MRI. Additional tests may be needed to better define the cause of the stroke and the best approach to treatment.

Tests:
Complete blood count (CBC), Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), CT Scan, Electrocardiogram (EKG), Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Activated partial thromboplastin (aPTT or PTT), Prothrombin test (PT, INR), Ultrasound

Specialists:
Internal Medicine, Neurosurgery, Neurology

Treatment

A stroke is a medical emergency. Therapy depends on the location and size of the stroke, the medications the patient is taking, how long the symptoms have been present and other associated diseases. Treatment may include: blood pressure medication, attempts to lower the pressure in the brain with a drug called mannitol or surgery, physical therapy, speech therapy, and/or occupational therapy.