Interstitial cystitis (bladder inflammation)

Description Characterized by an...

Description

Characterized by an inflammation of the bladder wall with symptoms similar to those of a urinary tract infection. The range of symptoms can be mild to severe and debilitating. Women ages 30 to 40 are most commonly affected. The cause of this disorder is unknown.

Symptoms

Discomfort or burning during urination; frequent or urgent urination; pain during intercourse; pelvic pain.

Tests

Common tests used for diagnosis and treatment

Workup:
A history and physical exam will be performed. Tests to measure the function of the bladder and diagnose the disorder may be recommended including cystoscopy and a bladder biopsy. Urine and blood tests to rule out other conditions (such as bladder infection and sexually transmitted disease) are often performed.

Tests:
Urinalysis (UA)

Other Specific Tests: Bladder biopsy, cystoscopy, urine culture, urine cytology, video urodynamics

Specialists:
Internal Medicine, Urology, Pediatrics, Family Practice

Treatment

There is no cure for the disorder, and there is no well-established, highly effective treatment. The choice of treatment depends on the individual and their response to prior therapy. Pentosan polysulfate (Elmiron) is the only medication taken by mouth that is specifically approved for treating interstitial cystitis. It coats the bladder and relieves symptoms. Other medications that may be used include: pain medicines, tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline/Elavil), and hydroxyzine (Vistaril). Other therapies include: bladder hydrodistention (filling the bladder with fluid), and bladder training (using relaxation techniques to train the bladder to go only at specific times). Pelvic relaxation techniques can also help reduce the discomfort. If severe and unresponsive to any medical treatment surgery may be offered.