Description This disorder destr...
Description
This disorder destroys the central vision of the eye. It is the leading cause of vision loss in patients over 60. The macula is a part of the retina that enables one to see fine detail. Over time the cells of the macula die causing a gradual and painless loss of eyesight. The cause of macular degeneration is unknown but the following conditions increase the risk of developing this disorder: family history of the problem, increasing age, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, being white, and being female.
Symptoms
Gradual loss of eyesight. Needing brighter light to read, increased blurry vision, increased problems reading, problems recognizing faces, a blind spot in the center of vision.
Tests
Common tests used for diagnosis and treatment
Workup:
A history and physical exam will be done. The central vision is tested using an Amsler grid. The retina is examined using a magnifier called an ophthalmoscope to see characteristic changes of the macula. An angiogram of the retina or special pictures of the retina using optical coherence tomography may be done.
Do I need this test?
Don't routinely provide antibiotics before or after intravitreal injections. The routine use of antibiotics before or after intravitreal injections is unnecessary because research has shown that topical antibiotics don't prevent the occurrence of eye infection. The risks of antibiotic eye drops include allergic reactions. The overuse and repeated exposure to antibiotics can lead to the emergence of bacteria that don't respond readily to available treatments. Routine antisepsis is appropriate and important for prevention of eye infection.
Specialists:
Ophthalmology
Workup:
A history and physical exam will be done. The central vision is tested using an Amsler grid. The retina is examined using a magnifier called an ophthalmoscope to see characteristic changes of the macula. An angiogram of the retina or special pictures of the retina using optical coherence tomography may be done.
Do I need this test?
Don't routinely provide antibiotics before or after intravitreal injections. The routine use of antibiotics before or after intravitreal injections is unnecessary because research has shown that topical antibiotics don't prevent the occurrence of eye infection. The risks of antibiotic eye drops include allergic reactions. The overuse and repeated exposure to antibiotics can lead to the emergence of bacteria that don't respond readily to available treatments. Routine antisepsis is appropriate and important for prevention of eye infection.
Specialists:
Ophthalmology
Treatment
The vision loss of this disorder cannot be reversed but it can be slowed down. It is recommended patients take Vitamin C, Vitamin E, beta carotene, copper and zinc supplements. Patients should stop smoking. Special magnifying glasses may help patients read. There are more investigational drugs available for certain subsets of patients with this disorder (Anecortave acetate/Retaane, pegaptanib/Macugen).