Pharyngitis (throat infection)

Description A throat infection....

Description

A throat infection. Acute inflammation and infection of the pharynx can be caused by bacteria or viruses. Approximately 40%-60% of cases of pharyngitis are caused by a virus and about 15% are caused by the Streptococcus bacteria (strep throat). Other bacteria that can cause this infection include: Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Most infections that cause pharyngitis are contagious. Frequent hand washing and covering one's mouth when coughing can decrease the spread of the infection.

Symptoms

Sore throat, fever, headache, and swollen lymph nodes in the neck. Viral causes may be associated with runny nose and postnasal drip. Severe cases can cause: difficulty swallowing, difficulty breathing, and stiff neck.

Tests

Common tests used for diagnosis and treatment

Workup:
A history and physical exam will be performed. A rapid strep test, throat culture, and/or mono spot may be done to identify the organism. A rapid strep test can identify a streptococcal bacterial infection and a mono spot can diagnose infectious mononucleosis.

Tests:
Mono spot, Rapid strep Test, throat culture

Specialists:
Internal Medicine, Pediatrics, Family Practice

Treatment

The treatment depends on the underlying cause. Viral infections are managed with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications/NSAIDs (ibuprofen/Motrin or Advil, naproxen/Naprosyn), pain medications such as acetaminophen (Tylenol), throat lozenges, and oral fluids. Antibiotics are needed if strep throat is diagnosed. Patients with mononucleosis must avoid contact sports to prevent a spleen rupture.