Nose bleed (epistaxis)

Description Bleeding from the n...

Description

Bleeding from the nose. The most common cause is trauma from a finger or foreign body, or from drying of the nasal mucosa. Most bleeding is from the front part of the nose along the nasal septum. In this area is a collection of small arteries and veins called Kiesselbach's plexus and irritation of the nasal mucosa in this area can result in significant bleeding. Bleeding from the rear of the nose (posterior epistaxis) is more difficult to control and may require admission to the hospital.

Symptoms

Bleeding from the nose, facial pressure, spitting, coughing or vomiting blood that has drained posteriorly into the esophagus or upper airways.

Tests

Common tests used for diagnosis and treatment

Workup:
A history and physical exam will be performed. Direct examination of the nose will be done.

Tests:
Complete blood count (CBC)

Other Specific Tests: Protime, partial thromboplastin

Specialists:
Internal Medicine, Pediatrics, Family Practice, Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT), Pediatric ENT (Otolaryngology)

Treatment

The area of bleeding may be cauterized to stop the bleeding. Packing with Vaseline gauze, a special sponge, or a balloon may also be performed. Placement of a posterior balloon requires admission to the hospital. While waiting to get medical attention squeezing the soft part of the nose may temporarily stop bleeding.