Muscle spasm (charley horse)

Description A muscle spasm also...

Description

A muscle spasm also known as a Charley horse typically occurs after vigorous exercise. The affected muscle contracts involuntarily and will not relax. It can occur in any muscle of the body but typically involves the legs, arms and neck. Other causes include dehydration and changes in a person's body chemistry with abnormal levels of minerals. Low blood levels of potassium, magnesium and calcium are the most frequent causes of a Charley horse, but sometimes no cause can be found. More rarely muscle spasms can occur if the nerve supplying the muscle is injured or irritated.

Symptoms

Uncontrolled muscle contraction, pain in the muscles involved, inability to relax the muscle, loss of function of the muscle during the contraction, muscle twitching.

Tests

Common tests used for diagnosis and treatment

Workup:
A history and physical will be done. Generally no other tests are done. If the healthcare provider suspects alterations in the body chemistry a blood test may be done. If an irritated nerve is suspected, an MRI of the neck or back may be performed.

Other Specific Tests: Potassium and calcium levels, MRI scan

Specialists:
Internal Medicine, Pediatrics, Family Practice

Treatment

Typically stretching and massaging the muscle will allow the muscle to relax. Rest and better conditioning before repeating the exercise can prevent a repeat episode. If dehydration is present drinking fluids will prevent recurrence. Sports drinks are typically better for dehydration since they replenish some of the missing minerals in the body. If the spasms continue to occur or are severe the healthcare provider may evaluate the blood chemistry or look for an irritated nerve.