Scurvy (vitamin C deficiency)

Description Scurvy is a conditi...

Description

Scurvy is a condition caused by a decreased amount of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in the body. Vitamin C helps the body make collagen (a protein that helps wounds heal, cartilage form and bone strengthen). Vitamin C also helps the immune system function. Increased bleeding is a hallmark of this disease. Vitamin C can be obtained from many foods such as citrus fruits (like oranges), citrus juices, and many other fruits and vegetables. Scurvy is rare in the United States. Scurvy can be caused by malnutrition, alcoholism or eating disorders. People with scurvy can develop anemia. If left untreated, scurvy can be fatal.

Symptoms

Symptoms depend on how depleted a patient's vitamin C levels are. Symptoms may include fatigue, irritability, nausea, pain in the joints and muscles, bleeding around hair follicles, loose teeth, bleeding gums, protruding eyes, easy bruising of the skin, dry skin, brown skin, or feelings of paralysis.

Tests

Common tests used for diagnosis and treatment

Workup:
A history and physical exam will be performed. Blood and possibly imaging tests may be performed, depending on the symptoms.

Tests:
Complete blood count (CBC), X-ray

Other Specific Tests: ascorbic acid tolerance test, fasting ascorbic acid level, skin biopsy

Specialists:
Internal Medicine, Orthopedic Surgery, Pediatrics, Family Practice, Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery

Treatment

Treatment depends on the severity and cause of the patient's scurvy. Usually, adjusting the patient's diet to include more vitamin C is sufficient. The patient may also be prescribed vitamin C supplements to increase levels quickly. If scurvy is caused by an eating disorder or alcoholism, treatment of those conditions will be emphasized.